Emergency Fund Kyu Aur Kaise Banayein?

Emergency Fund Kya Hota Hai?

Emergency Fund ek aisa paisa hota hai jo aapne sirf aur sirf kisi achanak aayi musibat (emergency) ke liye alag se bacha ke rakha ho. Ye aapke regular bank account ya savings se alag hota hai, jise aap daily kharche, shopping ya ghoomne-phirne ke liye use nahi kar sakte.

Jaise ek gadi mein 'Stepney' (spare tyre) hoti hai, jo panchour hone par aapko bich raste mein fasne se bachati hai, waise hi Emergency Fund aapki financial life ki stepney hai.

Hame Iski Zaroorat Kyu Hai?

Zindagi ka koi bharosa nahi hai. Achanak se kuch bhi ho sakta hai jisme bahut sare paison ki turant zaroorat pad jaye:

• Naukri Chali Jana (Job Loss): Agar achanak se company band ho jaye ya naukri chhoot jaye, to ghar ka kharcha kaise chalega? Aise mein nayi job dhoondhne tak Emergency Fund apke aur apki family ke kaam aata hai.
• Medical Emergency: Agar pariwar mein kisi ka accident ho jaye ya koi badi bimari aa jaye aur health insurance kaam na aaye (ya na ho), to aspatal ka lamba chouda bill yahi fund cover karta hai.
• Achanak Koi Bada Kharcha: Ghar ka koi zaroori bada saaman kharab ho jaye, chhat gir jaye ya achanak koi badi aafat aa jaye jise taal nahi sakte.

Jab ye sab hota hai, to Emergency Fund na hone par log majboori mein doston se udhaar maangte hain, ya Personal Loan (12-15% interest) lete hain, jisse wo karze ke jaal mein phas jate hain.

Kitna Paisa Emergency Fund Mein Hona Chahiye?

Ye har insan ke liye alag hota hai, lekin ek general Financial Rule ye kehta hai:

Aapka Emergency Fund = 6 Mahine Ka Ghar Ka Kharcha (6 Months Expenses)

Isme aapke monthly kharche aate hain jaise: - Ghar ka rashan aur bijli ka bill. - Bachon ki school fees. - Dawayiyon ka kharcha. - EMIs (Ghar ka ya gaadi ka loan). - Rent (Agar kiraye ke ghar mein hain).

Tip: Agar aapki naukri thodi risky hai (jaise IT sector) ya aap apna business karte hain jisme income fix nahi hai, to ise 6 mahine ki bajaye 9 se 12 mahine tak ka banayein.

Emergency Fund Kahan Rakhein?

Emergency Fund mein sabse zaroori cheez hai 'Liquidity' (paisa turant hath mein aana chahiye) aur 'Safety' (paisa doobna nahi chahiye). Isliye ise Mutual Funds, Stocks ya Property mein kabhi mat rakhein.

Aapko ise aisi jagah rakhna chahiye jahan se aap Sunday ya aadhi raat ko bhi paisa nikal sakein:

1. Fixed Deposit (FD): Apna adha (50%) emergency fund kisi acche bank ki FD mein daal dein. Ise aap apne mobile app se kisi bhi waqt tod sakte hain.
2. Liquid Mutual Funds: Aap kuch hissa (30%) Liquid Funds mein rakh sakte hain, jo FD jaisa hi safe hai par interest thoda zyada mil sakta hai. Lekin isse paisa nikalne mein 1-2 din lagte hain.
3. Savings Account: Baaki ka (20%) paisa ek alag savings account mein rakhein jiska ATM card aapke paas ho, taaki turant cash nikal sakein. Is account se kabhi online shopping na karein.

Ise Banane Ke 3 Aasan Steps

Step 1: Apna Target Set Karein Sabse pehle apne mahine ka kharcha jodein aur usko 6 se multiply karke apna target amount likh lein (e.g. ₹2 Lakh).

Step 2: Har Mahine Thoda-Thoda Jodein Jaise hi salary aaye, sabse pehle 10-15% hissa nikal kar apne emergency fund wale alag account mein daal dein. Ise apna 'khud ka bill' samajh kar pay karein.

Step 3: Bonus ya Extra Income Ka Use Karein Jab bhi company se Diwali bonus mile, ya koi extra paisa kahin se aaye, to use naya phone lene ki bajaye pehle apne Emergency Fund mein daalein. Aise aapka fund bohut jaldi tayyar ho jayega.